iNTERPRETATION OF STATUTES… Harmonious Construction: Importance in Statutory Interpretation 22/12/202522/12/2025 Introduction In the process of interpreting statutes, courts often face situations where two provisions of the same law appear to conflict with each other. At times, even different statutes seem…
Law… How Patent Applications Are Published in India: A Guide to Section 11A 22/12/2025 Introduction Publication of a patent application marks one of the most crucial stages in the patenting process. It transforms the patent application from a confidential submission into a publicly accessible…
Law… How to File a Patent in India: Key Requirements, Documents & Deadlines 22/12/2025 In the world of intellectual property, timing is everything. A single day’s delay can determine whether an inventor gets exclusive rights to their innovation or loses it to another applicant.…
Law… Understanding Sections 7, 9–11B: Ordinary, Convention, and PCT Applications under the Indian Patent Act 22/12/2025 Section 7: Application for Patents (Ordinary Application) Section 7 forms the foundation of the patent application process in India. It states that every patent application must be made in the…
Law… Sections 6-8 of the Indian Patents Act: A Guide to Patent Applications 21/12/202521/12/2025 The Indian Patents Act, 1970 lays down a comprehensive framework for protecting inventions and ensuring that the rights of inventors are recognized. One of the most crucial aspects of the…
Law… Bolam Test & Bolitho Principle: Standards of Medical Negligence in India — The Indian Adoption (Jacob Mathew v. State of Punjab) 20/12/202520/12/2025 Introduction When courts decide whether a doctor was negligent, they usually compare the doctor’s conduct with the standard expected of a reasonably competent medical practitioner. Two leading UK authorities shaped…
iNTERPRETATION OF STATUTES… Noscitur a Sociis: Meaning, Judicial Application & Its Role in Statutory Interpretation 20/12/202520/12/2025 Introduction In statutory interpretation, courts often confront ambiguity arising from legislative language. To resolve such ambiguities and ascertain legislative intent, judges apply interpretative canons—guiding principles that provide clarity without altering…
Criminology… Why Do People Commit Crimes? Schools of Criminology Explained 20/12/202520/12/2025 Introduction One of the first and most fundamental questions a law student encounters in Criminology is:Why do people commit crimes? Is crime a result of free will, poverty, biology, society,…
iNTERPRETATION OF STATUTES… Strict Interpretation of Penal Statutes: Principles, Cases, and Modern Judicial Approach in India 04/12/202522/12/2025 Penal statutes — laws that prescribe punishment for offences — have always played a crucial role in maintaining law and order in society. Because these laws directly affect the personal…
Law… Confidentiality in Medical Practice: Legal Duty, Exceptions & Landmark HIV Case Law — Mr. X v. Hospital Z 04/12/202511/12/2025 Confidentiality is one of the most essential pillars of medical ethics. It forms the foundation of trust between a doctor and a patient. When patients know that their medical information…
Dr. Ganesh Visavale 