Mumbai University | Labour Law & Industrial Relations – I PYQ | August 2023

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Understanding question papers from previous examinations is one of the most effective ways for law students to evaluate their preparation and understand the pattern of university assessments. Labour Law & Industrial Relations is a crucial subject that forms the backbone of employment law, industrial peace, and workplace justice in India.

This blog presents the complete English version of the August 2023 Question Paper of Labour Law & Industrial Relations – I (Subject Code: 75709), originally issued by Mumbai University. All questions are translated, refined, and presented in simple academic English so that every student can use it directly for revision.

📌 Labour Law & Industrial Relations – I

Exam: August 2023 | Total Marks: 75 | Time: 2 Hours 30 Minutes
Paper Code: 75709

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Section A – Short Answers

Q1. Answer any SIX in One or Two Sentences

(12 Marks)

1. Define the term “Lock-out”.
2. Define the term “Labour Court” under the MRTU & PULP Act, 1971.
3. What is meant by unfair labour practice?
4. What is the object of collective bargaining?
5. What is the penalty if an employer modifies a Standing Order under the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946?
6. What is the object of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?
7. Define “Occupier” under the Factories Act, 1948.
8. What is meant by “Retrenchment” under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947?

Section B – Short Notes

Q2. Write Short Notes on ANY TWO

(12 Marks)

1. Doctrine of Contributory Negligence
2. Public Utility Services
3. Features of Collective Bargaining
4. Rights & Obligations of Recognized Unions

Section C – Problem Questions

Q3. Solve ANY TWO

(12 Marks)

1. Obstruction of Investigating Officer

Mr. Z refuses to produce essential documents and obstructs the Investigating Officer.
a) What are the duties of the Investigating Officer under MRTU & PULP Act, 1971?
b) What is the penalty for obstructing the officer?

2. Closure Without Notice

Mr. B closes down his undertaking without giving notice under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
a) Explain the term “closure”.
b) What is the penalty for closure without giving notice?

3. Illegal Strike and Lock-out

Mr. A continues an illegal strike and Mr. B continues an illegal lock-out.
a) Explain “strike” and “lock-out” under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
b) What is the penalty for illegal strike and lock-out?

4. Factory Infringement

Mr. Y, an occupier of a factory, is responsible for an infringement under the Factories Act.
a) Define “Factory” under the Factories Act, 1948.
b) What is the penalty for infringement?

Section D – Long Answers

Q4. Answer ANY THREE

(39 Marks)

1. What are Standing Orders? Explain the matters covered under Model Standing Orders according to the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946.
2. What is collective bargaining? Discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
3. What is meant by unfair labour practices? How can such practices be prevented under the MRTU & PULP Act, 1971?
4. What are the authorities established under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947? Explain their powers and duties.
5. Define “Retrenchment”. What are the essential conditions for a valid retrenchment?

📘 Conclusion

This English-translated version of the August 2023 Labour Law & Industrial Relations – I question paper aims to make exam preparation easier, clearer, and more accessible for all law students. The subject covers vital industrial legislations and principles that every budding lawyer, HR professional, or industrial relations officer must understand.

Using question papers like this one helps students:

• Understand the exam pattern
• Identify frequently asked topics
• Prepare precise, exam-oriented answers
• Improve writing speed and conceptual clarity

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